I have created lists with different views, and if anything changes in
that view, it will trigger an alert. For example:
Create a simple custom list with three columns; Name, City, state.
View 1 will be set to show State, and view 2 will be set to show
City. Now populate view 1 with any name, any city and, lets say,
calif. for state. Make the next entry for Texas, and the next for
Washington.
In view 2 set it to show only Washington. That means that only 1
item is showing in view 2. Now set an alert for view 2 to some
persons name by selecting "actions" then alert me, and assign the
alert.
Now, go to view 1 and change the name assigned to Washington to
another name, then click OK. View 2 has changed to reflect that new
name, and those in that view will get an alert. Change view 1's name
again in Washington and it will create another alert from View 2 only.
Do not set up an alert for View 1.
This works for me.
I have not tried it in Documents.
I also use this technique in a list where I have a pass / fail column
based on a set of numbers that get entered in other columns. The
pass/fail column is a lookup column.